9 SIGNS TO SHOW YOU ARE NOT EATING ENOUGH

Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight can be challenging, especially in a modern society where food is constantly available.

However, not eating enough calories can also be a concern, whether it’s due to intentional food restriction, decreased appetite or other reasons.

In fact, under-eating on a regular basis can lead to a number of mental, physical and emotional health issues. Here are 9 signs that you’re not eating enough.

1. Low Energy Levels

Calories are units of energy your body uses to function.

When you don't eat enough calories, you’re likely to feel tired most of the time.

The number of calories needed for these basic functions within a 24-hour period is referred to as your resting metabolic rate.

Most people have a resting metgabolic rate higher than 1,000 calories per day. Adding physical activity can increase your daily needs by another 1,000 calories or more.

Although hormones also play a role in energy balance, generally if you take in more calories than needed, you will store most of the uexcess as fat. If you take in fewer calories than needed, you will lose weight.

Restricting intake to fewer than 1,000 calories daily can slow down your metabolic rate and lead to fatigue since you’re not taking in enough calories to support even the basic functions that keep you alive.

Eating too little has particularly been linked to low energy levels in older people, whose food intake may decrease due to reduced appetite.

Other studies in female athletes have found that fatigue may occur when calorie intake is too low to support a high level of physical activity. This seems to be most common in sports that emphasize thinness, like gymnastics and figure skating.

Yet even light physical activity like walking or taking the stairs may cause you to tire easily if your calorie intake is well below your needs.

2. Hair Loss

Losing hair can be very distressing.

It’s normal to lose several strands of hair daily. However, if you’re noticing an increased amount of hair accumulating in your hairbrush or shower drain, it may be a sign that you’re not eating enough.

Many nutrients are needed to maintain normal, healthy hair growth.

Inadequate intake of calories, protein, biotin, iron and other vitamins and minerals is a common cause of hair loss.

Basically, when you don’t take in enough calories and key nutrients, your body will prioritize the health of your heart, brain and other organs over hair growth.

3. Constant Hunger

Being hungry all the time is one of the more obvious signs that you’re not eating enough food.

Studies confirm that appetite and food cravings increase in response to drastic calorie restriction due to changes in levels of hormones that control hunger and fullness.

One three-month study followed mice who were fed a diet containing 40% fewer calories than usual.

In humans, calorie restriction may cause hunger and food cravings in both normal-weight and overweight individuals.

What’s more, low calorie intake has been shown to increase production of cortisol, a stress hormone that has been linked to hunger and increased belly fat.

Essentially, if your calorie intake drops too much, your body will send signals that drive you to eat in order to avoid potential starvation.

4. Inability to Get Pregnant

Undereating may interfere with a woman’s inability to become pregnant.

The hypothalamus and pituitary gland located in your brain work together to maintain hormonal balance, including reproductive health.

The hypothalamus receives signals from your body that let it know when hormone levels need to be adjusted.

Based on the signals it receives, the hypothalamus produces hormones that either stimulate or inhibit production of estrogen, progesterone and other hormones by your pituitary gland.

Research has shown that this complex system is highly sensitive to changes in calorie intake and weight.

When your calorie intake or body fat percentage drops too low, signals may become impaired, leading to changes in the amount of hormones released.

Without the proper balance of reproductive hormones, pregnancy cannot take place. The first sign of this is hypothalamic amenorrhea, or having no menstrual period for three months or longer.

If you are trying to conceive, make sure to consume a well-balanced diet in order to ensure proper hormonal function and a healthy life

5. Sleep Issues

Sleep deprivation has been found to lead to insulin resistance and weight gain in dozens of studies.

In addition, while overeating may cause sleeping difficulty, it appears that strict dieting can lead to sleep problems as well.

Animal and human research has shown that starvation-level calorie restriction leads to sleep interruptions and a reduction in slow-wave sleep, also known as deep sleep.

Feeling as though you are too hungry to fall asleep or waking up hungry are major signs that you’re not getting enough to eat.

6. Irritability

If little things have begun to set you off, it could be related to not eating enough.

Indeed, irritability was one of several issues experienced by young men who underwent calorie restriction as part of the Minnesota Starvation Experiment during World War II.

These men developed moodiness and other symptoms while consuming an average of 1,800 calories per day, which was classified as “semi-starvation” for their own calorie needs. Your own needs may be lower, of course.

A more recent study of 413 college and high school students also found that irritability was associated with dieting and restrictive eating patterns.

To keep your mood on an even keel, don’t let your calories drop too low.

7. Feeling Cold All the Time

If you constantly feel cold, not eating enough food could be the cause.

Your body needs to burn a certain number of calories in order to create heat and maintain a healthy, comfortable body temperature.

In fact, even mild calorie restriction has been shown to lower core body temperature.

Overall, the more severely you slash calories, the colder you’re likely to feel.

8. Constipation

Infrequent bowel movements may be related to inadequate calorie intake.

This isn’t surprising, since consuming very little food will result in less waste in your digestive tract.

Constipation is typically described as having three or fewer bowel movements per week or having small, hard stools that are difficult to pass. This is very common in older people and can be worsened by poor diet.

Dieting and eating too little food may also cause constipation in younger people due to a slowed metabolic rate.

If you’re having problems with regularity, it’s important to take a look at the amount of food that you’re eating. 

9. Anxiety

Although dieting itself may lead to moodiness, outright anxiety can occur in response to very low calorie intake.

Anxiety has also been observed in overweight people who eat very low-calorie diets.

To minimize anxiety while trying to lose weight, make sure you’re consuming enough calories and eating a healthy diet that includes plenty of fatty fish to ensure you’re getting omega-3 fatty acids, which may help reduce anxiety.